Low Molecular Weight Citrus Pectin and Tumors
Low molecular weight citrus pectin, also known as Modified Citrus Pectin (MCP) or Low Molecular Citrus Pectin (LCP), is a galactose-rich, small-molecule, water-soluble fiber polysaccharide extracted from the peel and albedo (pith) of citrus fruits (lemon, orange, mandarin, pomelo, etc.) using advanced bio-enzymatic hydrolysis technology.
Zhejiang Gold Kropn Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. has collaborated with Zhejiang University, Tianjin University, Fudan University, Xinxiang Medical University, and other institutions on research into MCP production processes and functional studies, and has been granted multiple national invention patents. Studies have demonstrated that MCP of varying molecular weights and degrees of esterification can help enhance human immunity, inhibit tumor cell activity, remove heavy metals, and relieve constipation. The company is currently the only MCP manufacturer in Asia, and one of only two in the world.
I. Mechanisms of MCP's Anti-Tumor Action
1. Chelates Galectin-3, Reducing the Risk of Tumor Cell Metastasis
Galectin-3 is widely distributed in both normal and tumor cells and participates in regulating cell growth and differentiation; it is closely associated with the entire process of tumor formation, progression, and metastasis. MCP can act as a ligand and competitive inhibitor of Galectin-3 in the body, blocking Galectin-3 binding sites on the surface of tumor cells and hindering tumor formation and progression.
By blocking these binding sites on tumor cells, MCP hinders nutrient uptake by tumor cells, inhibits their aggregation and adhesion to normal cells, and reduces tumor cell activity - thereby helping to prevent tumor formation, progression, and metastasis.

2. Activates Immune Cells
MCP has functions that support human immunity and help regulate immune imbalance. Its molecular weight is extremely small, allowing it to be absorbed directly into the bloodstream to take effect. It can activate white blood cells, NK cells, phagocytes, and other immune cells among the body's eight major immune cell types, enhancing overall immune function.
3. Removes Toxic Heavy Metals
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy can cause heavy metal residues to accumulate in the body, which can severely damage the body and cause side effects such as fatigue and vomiting. MCP can selectively bind to heavy metals in the blood such as platinum, lead, mercury, chromium, and arsenic, promoting their excretion from the body, while having no effect on essential trace elements such as iron and calcium - making it safe with no side effects.
4. MCP May Improve the Efficacy of Chemotherapy/Radiotherapy, Support Detoxification and Sensitization, and Reduce Side Effects
Cancer patients typically undergo chemotherapy or radiotherapy after surgery to kill remaining cancer cells and prevent metastasis. However, both chemotherapy and radiotherapy carry significant side effects, including gastrointestinal discomfort, poor sleep, fatigue, difficulty with excretion, nausea/vomiting, hair loss, reduced white blood cell count, weakened immunity, and low energy/mood.
Researchers have found in both mouse and human studies that combining MCP with commonly used chemotherapy drugs (such as PAC-1, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and 5-FU) can significantly increase the rate of cancer cell apoptosis. In addition, MCP has shown clear benefits in reducing side effects caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy - such as improving gastrointestinal and excretory function, reducing vomiting, improving sleep quality, and enhancing immunity - thereby improving patients' quality of life and treatment experience.
Researchers have also found that MCP has some effect in reducing the neurotoxicity caused by certain chemotherapy drugs (such as oxaliplatin and cisplatin), an effect that is also linked to MCP's heavy-metal-chelating ability.
5. Ultra-High Dietary Fiber Content - Relieves Constipation
MCP contains over 80% dietary fiber, which can promote gastrointestinal motility, relieve constipation and other gastrointestinal issues, and improve appetite.
As a safe, side-effect-free natural ingredient, low molecular weight citrus pectin offers strong benefits for adjunctive cancer treatment as well as for tumor prevention in healthy populations.
II. Safety of MCP
MCP is recognized by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) as a safe ingredient with no established limit on daily human intake.
Gold Kropn uses imported lemon peel from Argentina, which undergoes rinsing, dehydration, pesticide residue removal, and heavy metal compliance testing at every stage.
Production takes place in a 100,000-class GMP-certified clean room, applying pharmaceutical-grade standards to food manufacturing, with strict controls at every step of the process. The company holds certifications including GMP, ISO 9001, ISO 22000, Kosher, and Halal. No non-imported chemical raw materials (colorants, flavorings, additives, etc.) are used in the manufacturing process.
MCP is extracted using patented bio-enzymatic hydrolysis technology, representing an internationally leading level of technology.
III. Research Progress in China and Abroad
Renowned scientists and institutions of higher learning and research around the world have conducted studies on MCP. Research in the United States began in the late 1990s. The American Cancer Society reportedly screened over 20,000 plant and animal species and selected MCP as the most promising candidate for clinical use in inhibiting tumor metastasis. According to statistics from the (US) National Cancer Institute, long-term use of MCP may significantly reduce cancer risk (see references).
In China, research on low molecular weight pectin began around 2006, with multiple universities involved, including Zhejiang University, Fudan University, Guangzhou Medical University, Tianjin University, and Xinxiang Medical University. Since 2012, Gold Kropn has collaborated with the Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University on studies examining MCP's inhibitory effect on triple-negative breast cancer in mice, as well as its detoxifying and sensitizing effects when combined with 5-FU (see test reports). In 2013, the company partnered with the Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai (affiliated with Fudan University) on research into MCP combined with paclitaxel, 5-FU, and cisplatin for detoxification and sensitization. Both studies reportedly yielded positive results.
IV. Which Tumors MCP May Be Effective Against
MCP is understood to act on all tumors whose cell surfaces express Galectin-3, with efficacy proportional to the level of expression on those cells. According to US patent documentation, MCP has shown effects against the following 19 common tumor types:
Prostate cancer, kidney cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, chronic leukemia, breast cancer, sarcoma, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, laryngeal cancer, lymphoma, melanoma, small intestine tumors, bladder tumors, lung cancer, bronchial cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx, gastric cancer, skin cancer, liver cancer, glioma, thyroid cancer, and myeloma
V. Recommended Daily Dosage
15g per day, taken in three divided doses before meals.
Appendix Table: Domestic and International Evaluation of Experimental Efficacy
|
Tumor Type |
Dosage |
Indicator |
Metastasis Rate - Control Group |
Metastasis Rate - Fed Group |
Source / Publisher |
|
Breast cancer |
1% |
Lung metastasis |
66% |
0% |
National Cancer Institute (US), Vol. 24, Dec. 2002 |
|
Colon cancer |
1% |
Metastasis to lymph nodes |
100% |
25% |
National Cancer Institute (US), Vol. 24, Dec. 2002 |
|
Colon cancer |
1% |
Metastasis to liver |
60% |
0% |
National Cancer Institute (US), Vol. 24, Dec. 2002 |
|
Breast cancer, prostate cancer |
- |
Lung/bone metastasis |
- |
≤10% |
Iehr et al., cited in Liu Haiying, "Research Progress on Low Molecular Weight Citrus Pectin in Tumor Treatment" |
|
CT26 colon cancer |
0% |
Liver metastasis |
- |
100% |
Liu Haiying et al., Guangzhou Medical University |
|
CT26 colon cancer |
0.01% |
Liver metastasis |
- |
80% |
Liu Haiying et al., Guangzhou Medical University |
|
CT26 colon cancer |
0.025% |
Liver metastasis |
- |
73.30% |
Liu Haiying et al., Guangzhou Medical University |
|
CT26 colon cancer |
0.05% |
Liver metastasis |
- |
60% |
Liu Haiying et al., Guangzhou Medical University |
|
Liver cancer H22 |
4 mg/kg |
- |
- |
Reduced by 47.8% |
Zhang Wenbo et al., Tianjin University |
|
Cervical cancer U14 |
4 mg/kg |
- |
- |
Reduced by 38.5% |
Zhang Wenbo et al., Tianjin University |
|
Sarcoma S180 |
4 mg/kg |
- |
- |
No effect |
Zhang Wenbo et al., Tianjin University |
